이민단속 미국 경제에 역풍?…

[미국뉴스] 이민단속 미국 경제에 역풍?…"'1위 맥주'도 타격"

작성자 : 사람과사회 작성일 : 2025-09-09

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"불법 이민자 단속 강화로 히스패닉계 소비 위축"

도널드 트럼프 행정부의 강경한 이민 정책이 미국 경제에 역풍을 불러오고 있다는 분석이 나온다. 불법 이민자 단속 강화로 특히 히스패닉계의 소비가 위축되고 이들이 주 소비층인 기업 등이 타격을 받고 있다는 것이다.

블룸버그 통신은 "서류를 갖추지 못한(undocumented) 이민자들에 대한 트럼프 대통령의 단속은 미국 시민이거나 합법적 신분의 다수 히스패닉계 사이에서도 냉각 효과를 가져왔다"고 이달 6일(현지시간) 지적했다.

미국 인구의 약 20%를 차지하는 히스패닉계는 코로나19 팬데믹 회복기에 소비의 주역이었으나 최근 몇 년간 물가 상승과 노동 시장 냉각으로 이들의 소비가 위축되기 시작했다고 블룸버그는 보도했다.

향수 등을 제조하는 뷰티 기업 코티는 미국의 이민 정책 변화가 사업 둔화에 영향을 끼쳤다고 지난달 밝혔고, 윈덤 호텔 & 리조트는 이민 및 무역 불확실성을 고객 변동성과 연결지었다고 FT는 전했다.

블룸버그에 따르면 한식 바비큐 체인 'GEN 레스토랑 그룹'은 캘리포니아·텍사스·네바다주 등 히스패닉 고객과 직원이 많은 지역에서 이민 단속의 영향을 체감하고 있는 것으로 전해졌다.

니혼게이자이신문(닛케이)은 미국 조지아주 현대차그룹-LG에너지솔루션 합작 배터리 공장 건설 현장에서 한국인 300여 명이 이민 당국에 체포된 것과 관련해 "미국 행정부 단속이 아시아계 등 외자 기업 공장도 대상이 될 수 있다는 사실을 보여줬다"며 "일본을 포함해 미국에 거점을 둔 외국 기업에서 경계감이 강해질 듯하다"고 관측했다.

또 "트럼프 행정부 단속 강화는 미국 내 경제 활동에 이미 영향을 주고 있다"며 "불법 이민자 대규모 단속으로 히스패닉 노동자와 소비자가 위축돼 그들의 경제 활동이 축소되고 있다"고 짚었다.

이전글정부, 구금한국인 귀국준비 착수 "美협조속 기술적문제 해결중" 25.09.09
다음글[특파원시선] 미국 경제를 묻거든 라스베이거스를 보라 25.09.09

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